Penerapan Pengetahuan Ekologi Indigenous Dalam Pemanfaatan Hewan Sebagai Upaya Konservasi Berkelanjutan Di Masyarakat Cirebon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54314/jpstm.v2i1.890Abstract
Abstract: Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) or Indigenous Knowledge is local knowledge in managing the natural environment. Today international communities facing an ecosystem and natural resources crisis. One of them is a loss of biodiversity especially animals population because of the spread of disease, the destruction and degradation of their habitats and direct exploitation by humans. Muslim as the biggest population of Indonesia possesses an important role of conservation. The aim of this study was to inform the role of TEK and Islamic law for the conservation of natural resources. This article uses the method of public education through direct counseling in increasing society understanding regarding traditional ecological knowledge in animal conservation efforts. In addition, the data was completed through observation documentation, and interviews with key informants. The results showed that indigenous people activities in utilization natural resources through TEK were such as for food sources, ex-situ conservation, pets, traditional medicine, traditional vehicles, cultural art, symbols/myth/religion and decorations/ornament. The utilization of animals by indigenous people according to the Islamic law about an environmental law (Fiqh of ecology) to conserving natural resources, so that still exists the diversity and population of animals until now.
Keywords: biodiversity; conservation of natural resources; ethozoology; traditional ecological knowledge
Abstrak: Pengetahuan Ekologi Tradisional atau Pengetahuan Indigenous merupakan pengetahun masyarakat lokal dalam mengelola lingkungan. Saat ini masyarakat internasional sedang dihadapi permasalahan krisis Ekosistem dan Sumber Daya Alam (SDA). Salah satunya adalah menurunnya biodiversitas, terutama populasi hewan yang disebabkan adanya penyebaran penyakit, kerusakan habitat dan eksploitasi yang berlebihan oleh manusia. Indonesia merupakan populasi muslim terbesar yang memiliki peran penting dalam upaya konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginformasikan peran pengetahuan lokal dan hukum islam dalam upaya konservasi SDA. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah Pendidikan masyarakata melalui penyuluhan secara langsung dalam meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat terkait pengetahuan ekologi tradisional dalam upaya konservasi hewan. Selain itu, data dilengkapi melalui dokumentasi observasi, dan wawancara dengan informan kunci. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan hewan yang di-lakukan oleh masyarakat melalui prinsip-prinsip konservasi tradisional meliputi pemanfaatan hewan sebagai bahan pangan, pelestarian hewan, domestikasi, alat transportasi, seni budaya, simbol/mitos/agama dan dekorasi/ornamen. Penerapan pemanfaatan tersebut sejalan dengan hukum islam tentang Fiqh ekologi untuk melestarikan sumber daya alam sehingga keanekaragaman hayati dan populasi hewan tetap terjaga hingga sekarang
Kata kunci: biodiversitas;etnozoologi; pengetahuan ekologi tradisional; konservasi sumber daya alam
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