Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): May 2025
Artikel

MODEL PARTISIPASI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DALAM RESPON TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA GEMPABUMI NOVEMBER 2022 DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR – JAWA BARAT

PDF
  • Anton Roy Purnama,
  • Toetik Koesbardiati,
  • Christrijogo Sumartono W.
Anton Roy Purnama
Universitas Airlangga
Toetik Koesbardiati
Universitas Airlangga
Christrijogo Sumartono W.
Universitas Airlangga

Published 2025-05-20

How to Cite

MODEL PARTISIPASI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DALAM RESPON TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA GEMPABUMI NOVEMBER 2022 DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR – JAWA BARAT. (2025). JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH, 8(2), 1861-1872. https://doi.org/10.54314/jssr.v8i2.2935

Abstract

Abstract: Inclusive disaster management is a crucial aspect of humanitarian efforts, ensuring that vulnerable groups, including persons with disabilities, have equal access to early warning systems, evacuation procedures, and emergency aid. This study aims to develop a model for engaging persons with disabilities in disaster response, focusing on experiences from the 2022 Cianjur earthquake. The research employs a qualitative case study approach, incorporating in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and policy analysis. The findings reveal that persons with disabilities face significant barriers in accessing disaster-related information, inadequate disability-friendly evacuation shelters, and limited involvement in disaster response planning. However, best practices were also identified, including the adaptation of audio-visual early warning systems and the active participation of disability communities in emergency response efforts. Based on these findings, this study recommends an engagement model that includes capacity building for persons with disabilities, strengthening inclusive policies, and integrating their representation into disaster management structures. This model is expected to enhance disaster preparedness and response efforts, ensuring greater inclusivity and effectiveness for all community groups.

 

Keyword: Inclusive disaster management, persons with disabilities, emergency response, disaster policy, accessibility.

 

Abstrak: Penanggulangan bencana yang inklusif merupakan aspek penting dalam upaya kemanusiaan, terutama dalam memastikan bahwa kelompok rentan, termasuk penyandang disabilitas, memiliki akses yang setara terhadap sistem peringatan dini, evakuasi, dan bantuan darurat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pelibatan penyandang disabilitas dalam respon darurat bencana, dengan fokus pada pengalaman di Cianjur pascagempa tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, yang melibatkan wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, serta analisis kebijakan terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyandang disabilitas menghadapi berbagai hambatan dalam akses informasi kebencanaan, fasilitas pengungsian yang tidak ramah disabilitas, serta minimnya keterlibatan mereka dalam perencanaan kebijakan tanggap darurat. Namun, ditemukan pula praktik baik dalam adaptasi sistem peringatan dini berbasis suara dan visual, serta keterlibatan komunitas disabilitas dalam respon bencana yang efektif. Berdasarkan temuan ini, penelitian merekomendasikan model pelibatan yang mencakup peningkatan kapasitas penyandang disabilitas, penguatan kebijakan inklusif, serta pengintegrasian representasi mereka dalam struktur kelembagaan kebencanaan. Model ini diharapkan dapat memperkuat kesiapsiagaan dan respons bencana yang lebih inklusif dan efektif bagi semua kelompok masyarakat.

 

Kata kunci: Penanggulangan bencana inklusif, penyandang disabilitas, respon darurat, kebijakan kebencanaan, aksesibilitas.

PDF

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Buchari, R. A. (2020). Manajemen Mitigasi Bencana dengan Kelembagaan Masyarakat di Daerah Rawan Bencana Kabupaten Garut Indonesia. Sawala: Jurnal pengabdian Masyarakat Pembangunan Sosial, Desa dan Masyarakat, 1(1), 1-7.
  2. Bunbury, Stephen (2019). Unconscious bias and the medical model: How the social model may hold the key to transformative thinking about disability discrimination. International Journal of Discrimination and the Law, 19(1), 26–47.
  3. Calgaro, E. (2017). Making DiDRR a Reality: A Three-Step Approach to Empowering People with Disabilities to Become Agents of Change and Resilience. Co-designing Disaster Risk Reduction Solutions, 29.
  4. Carvalho, A., Pratama, A. A., & Rianawati, E. (2016). The most effective Social Protection measures for building resilience in children in the face of natural disasters in the Cianjur District.
  5. CBM Global Disability Inclusion. (2013). Disability iInclusive Disaster Risk Management: Voices from the Field and Good Practices. Christian Blind Mission (CBM).
  6. Center of Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Common Barriers to Participation Experienced by People with Disabilities. www.cdc.gov
  7. Craig, L., Craig, N., Calgaro, E., Dominey-Howes, D., & Johnson, K. (2019). People with disabilities: becoming agents of change in disaster risk reduction. In Emerging voices in natural hazards research (pp. 327-356). Butterworth- Heinemann.
  8. Fuad, Bahrul, M.A. (2022). Kebijakan Pendidikan bagi Disabilitas Harus Berlandaskan HAM. www.uii.ac.id
  9. Hartono, Y. (2021). Gender-Based Sustainable Disaster Response Education to Anticipate the Problem of Women’s Vulnerability. Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education, 5(1), 63-71.
  10. Hastuti, R. K. D., Pramana, R. P., & Sadaly, H. (2019). Kendala Mewujudkan Pembangunan Inklusif terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas. Constraints to realising inclusive development of persons with disabilities]. Working paper, SMERU Research Institute, Jakarta.
  11. Heriyanto, 2018. Thematic Analysis Sebagai Metode Menganalisa Data Untuk Penelitian Kualitatif. https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/anuva/article/view/3679/2059
  12. Humanity & Inclusion. (May, 2021). Inclusive Humanitarian Action (IHA). Retrieved from
  13. https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Factsheet_Inclusive%20Humanitarian%20Action_HI_2021%20%28002%29.pdf
  14. IBU Foundation, 2022. Laporan Kegiatan Respon Tanggap Darurat Gempabumi Cianjur November 2022 – Januari 2023. IBU Foundation.
  15. Kadiyono, A. L., & Harding, D. (2017). Pengaruh nilai budaya sunda dalam upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan psikologis korban bencana tanah longsor. Journal of Psychological Science and Profession, 1(3), 26-35.
  16. Kementerian Kesehatan R. (2017). Buku Pedoman Pelaksanaan Yankespro bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Usia Dewasa, Kemenkes RI, 2017. Retrieved from https://dinkes.jogjaprov.go.id/berita/detail/disabilitas-ragam-jenis-yuk-mengenal-penyandang-disabilitas-lebih-dekat-bagian
  17. Kharisma, I., & Sagala, S. (2018, April). Implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructure in Cianjur District for disaster risk management purposes. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 145, No. 1, p. 012013). IOP Publishing.
  18. Kurnia, Firdilla. 2023. Analisis Data: Definisi, Jenis, Model, Sampai Prosedurnya. https://dailysocial.id/post/analisis-data
  19. Kusmajaya, S., & Wulandari, R. (2019). Kajian Risiko Bencana Gempabumi di Kabupaten Cianjur. Jurnal Dialog dan Penanggulangan Bencana, 10(1), 39- 51.
  20. Lunga, Wilfred; Pathias Bongo, Paradzayi; van Niekerk, Dewald; Musarurwa, Charles (2019). Disability and disaster risk reduction as an incongruent matrix: Lessons from rural Zimbabwe. Jà mbá Journal of Disaster Risk Studies, 11(1).
  21. Luthfia, A. R. (2020). Urgensi Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas Di Masa Pandemi. Kebijakan: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi, 11(2), 38-44.
  22. Njelesani, J., Cleaver, S., Tataryn, M., & Nixon, S. (2012). Using a human rights- based approach to disability in disaster management initiatives. Natural Disasters, 21-46.
  23. Pauji, M. R., Maryani, E., & Ruhimat, M. (2017). Households Community Preparedness in Dealing with Landslides. Sumatra Journal of Disaster, Geography and Geography Education, 1(2), 84-88.
  24. Pertiwi, P., Llewellyn, G., & Villeneuve, M. (2019). People with disabilities as key actors in community-based disaster risk reduction. Disability & Society, 34(9- 10), 1419-1444.
  25. Probosiwi, R. (2013). Keterlibatan penyandang disabilitas dalam penanggulangan bencana. Jurnal Dialog dan Penanggulangan Bencana, 4(2), 77-86.
  26. Rahmat, H. K., Sari, F. P., Hasanah, M., Pratiwi, S., Ikhsan, A. M., Rahmanisa, R., & Fadil, A. M. (2020). Upaya pengurangan risiko bencana melalui pelibatan penyandang disabilitas di Indonesia: Sebuah tinjauan kepustakaan. Jurnal Manajemen Bencana (JMB), 6(2).
  27. Santoso, A. D. (2015). Disabilitas dan Bencana (Studi tentang Agenda Setting Kebijakan Pengurangan Risiko Bencana Inklusif Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas di Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia). Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 3(12), 2033-2039.
  28. Shaleh, I. (2018). Implementasi Pemenuhan Hak Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Ketenagakerjaan Di Semarang. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 20(1), 63-82.
  29. Siregar, N. A. M., & Purbantara, A. (2020). Melawan Stigma Diskriminatif: Strategi Pemberdayaan Penyandang Disabilitas di Desa Panggungharjo. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat: Media Pemikiran dan Dakwah Pembangunan, 4(1), 23-44.
  30. Sloman, A., & Margaretha, M. (2018). The Washington Group Short Set of Questions on disability in disaster risk reduction and humanitarian action: lessons from practice. International journal of disaster risk reduction, 31, 995-1003.
  31. Stough & Kang (2015). The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and Person With Disabilities. International Journal of Disaster Risk Services.
  32. Sudarwari, Erlin. SKM., MM. (2016). Kebijakan Penanganan Penyandang Disabilitas Personel Kemhan Dan TNI. Retrieved from 5. https://www.kemhan.go.id/pusrehab/2016/11/24/artikel-kebijakan-penyandang-disabilitas.html#:~:text=Selain%20itu%2C%20dalam%20Undang%2DUndang,Intelektual%2C%20dan%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas%20Sensoris
  33. Susanti, B. A. D., & Aprilia, E. N. (2020). Family Disaster Planning Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Disabilitas Dalam Menghadapi Bencana. Interest: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(2), 183-191.
  34. Syafi'ie, M. (2014). Pemenuhan aksesibilitas bagi penyandang disabilitas. INKLUSI Journal of Disability Studies, 1(2), 269-308. United Nations. (2012). Disability, Natural Disasters and Emergency Situations. Retrieved from www.un.org/disabilities/default.asp?id=1546
  35. UNESCAP (2014). ESACP Annual report 2014.
  36. Utami, T. K. (2019). Model Perlindungan Sosial Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Di Kabupaten Cianjur Dikaji Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. JURNAL ILMIAH LIVING LAW, 11(2), 131-139.
  37. Winoto, Y. (2017). Model Strategi Komunikasi Resiko Kesiapsiagaan Menghadapi Bencana Alam di Kabupaten Pangandaran (Studi Tentang Pendidikan Publik dalam Membentuk Masyarakat Tangguh Bencana di Kabupaten Pangandaran Provinsi Jawa Barat). Promedia (Public Relation Dan Media Komunikasi), 3(2).
  38. World Health Organization (2011). Summary World Report on Disability. World Health Organization – The World Bank.
  39. Zaida, Nur Alifa. Dkk (2019). Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Praktik Investasi Mahasiswa di Pasar Modal Syariah: Pendekatan Teori KAP. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/jms.v8i2.17777
  40. Hemingway, L., & Priestley, M. (2014). Disability and Disaster: Exploring the Experiences of Visually Impaired People. Disability & Society, 29(10), 1597-1613.
  41. Wisner, B., Gaillard, J. C., & Kelman, I. (2012). Handbook of Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management. Routledge.
  42. Kelman, I., Stough, L. M., & García, R. M. (2020). Disability and Disaster Risk Reduction: Guidance for Inclusive Practices. International Journal of Disaster Risk Science, 11(2), 152-161.
  43. Alexander, D., Gaillard, J. C., & Wisner, B. (2012). Disability and disaster risk reduction: Challenges and changes. Environmental Hazards, 11(3), 227-235.
  44. Hemingway, L., & Priestley, M. (2014). Natural hazards, human vulnerability and disabling societies: A disaster for disabled people? The Review of Disability Studies: An International Journal, 3(3), 57-67.
  45. Kelman, I., Stough, L. M., & Osborne, T. (2020). Disability, disasters, and resilience: Addressing structural disparities. World Development, 135, 105073.
  46. Sphere Association. (2018). The Sphere Handbook: Humanitarian charter and minimum standards in humanitarian response.
  47. Twigg, J., Kett, M., Bottomley, H., Tan, L., & Nasreddin, H. (2018). Disability and public shelter in emergencies. Environmental Hazards, 17(4), 323-341.
  48. UNDRR (2019). Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction 2019.
  49. Wisner, B., Gaillard, J. C., & Kelman, I. (2012). Handbook of hazards and disaster risk reduction and management.
  50. Alexander, D. (2012). Disability and Disaster Recovery: A Tale of Two Cities? Natural Hazards Observer, 36(5), 12-15.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >>