PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA MATERI IKATAN KIMIA

Abstract

Abstract:The low level of students' understanding of chemical bonding is caused by the abstract nature of the material and the lack of use of interactive learning media that support concept visualization. In addition, teachers tend to still use conventional printed modules that are considered less interesting. To overcome these problems, this study aims to develop an e-module based on Augmented Reality (AR) technology with a Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning approach on chemical bonding material, as well as to measure the level of validity and student responses to the e-module. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with a 4D development model that includes the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. The research subjects were 28 students of class X-2 of SMA Negeri 18 Medan in the 2024/2025 academic year. The instruments used included an interview questionnaire, a validation questionnaire from material and media experts, and a student response questionnaire. The validation results by material experts showed a validity level of 97.1%, while the validation results by media experts showed a validity level of 97.2%, both of which are in the very valid category. Meanwhile, the results of the student response questionnaire for the e-module showed an average score of 91%, which is categorized as very practical. This study demonstrates that the integration of AR technology into the e-module is effective in increasing learning engagement and student understanding of abstract concepts, as well as supporting independent and interactive problem-based learning. 

Keyword:E-Module, Augmented Reality (AR), Problem Based Learning (PBL), Chemical  Bonding, 4D Development 

Abstrak: Rendahnya pemahaman peserta didik terhadap materi ikatan kimia disebabkan oleh sifat materi yang abstrak serta kurangnya penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif yang mendukung visualisasi konsep. Selain itu, guru cenderung masih menggunakan modul cetak konvensional yang dinilai kurang menarik. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan e-modul berbasis teknologi AugmentedReality (AR) dengan pendekatan pembelajaran Problem BasedLearning (PBL) pada materi ikatan kimia, serta mengukur tingkat validitas dan respon peserta didik terhadap e-modul tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Researchand Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D yang meliputi tahap Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Subjek penelitian adalah 28 siswa kelas X-2 SMA Negeri 18 Medan tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi angket wawancara, angket validasi ahli materi dan media, serta angket respon peserta didik. Hasil validasi oleh ahli materi menunjukkan tingkat validitas sebesar 97,1%, sedangkan hasil validasi oleh ahli media menunjukkan tingkat validitas sebesar 97,2%, keduanya masuk dalam kategori sangat valid. Sementara itu, hasil angket respon siswa terhadap e-modul menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 91%, yang termasuk kategori sangat praktis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi teknologi AR dalam e-modul efektif dalam meningkatkan daya tarik pembelajaran dan pemahaman peserta didik terhadap konsep abstrak, serta mendukung proses pembelajaran yang mandiri dan interaktif berbasis masalah. 

Kata kunci:E-Modul, Augmented Reality (AR), Problem Based Learning (PBL), Ikatan Kimia, Pengembangan 4D