ANALISIS RASIO PROFITABILITAS DAN RASIO LIKUIDITAS UNTUK MENILAI KEBERLANGSUNGAN USAHA PADA UMKM UTARA COFFEE AND CHILL, GUNDALING I, KECAMATAN BERASTAGI, KABUPATEN KARO, PERIODE MARET 2025–MARET 2026

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to determine and analyze profitability ratios and liquidity ratios in assessing business sustainability at Utara Coffee and Chill, an MSME located in Gundaling I, Berastagi District, Karo Regency, during the period from March 2025 to March 2026. This study employed a descriptive quantitative method using the business's financial data for 12 months, which were grouped into four quarters. The research data were obtained through documentation, observation, and interviews with the business owner or manager. Profitability was analyzed using Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE), while liquidity was analyzed using the Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, and Cash Ratio. The results show that Utara Coffee and Chill was able to maintain its profitability and generate profits throughout the research period despite fluctuations in several profitability indicators. The GPM ranged from 73.71% to 77.68%, while the NPM ranged from 59.94% to 63.51%. ROA increased from 19.44% to 21.83%, whereas ROE reached its highest level of 23.12% in the second quarter and stood at 21.83% in the fourth quarter. In terms of liquidity, the Current Ratio increased from 114.27% to 528.87%, while the Quick Ratio and Cash Ratio increased from 113.85% to 527.50% up to the third quarter. In the fourth quarter, the liquidity ratios could not be calculated because current liabilities had decreased to Rp0. Overall, the profitability and liquidity analysis indicates that the financial condition of Utara Coffee and Chill supports business sustainability from a financial perspective, as reflected in its ability to generate profits, the increase in net income and ROA, the growth in current assets and cash, and the decline in current liabilities to Rp0.

Keywords: Profitability Ratio, Liquidity Ratio, Business Sustainability, MSMEs, Financial Performance.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis rasio profitabilitas dan rasio likuiditas dalam menilai keberlangsungan usaha pada UMKM Utara Coffee and Chill yang berlokasi di Gundaling I, Kecamatan Berastagi, Kabupaten Karo, selama periode Maret 2025 sampai dengan Maret 2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan data keuangan usaha selama 12 bulan yang dikelompokkan ke dalam empat triwulan. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui dokumentasi, observasi, dan wawancara dengan pemilik atau pengelola usaha. Analisis profitabilitas menggunakan Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), dan Return on Equity (ROE), sedangkan analisis likuiditas menggunakan Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, dan Cash Ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas Utara Coffee and Chill tetap mampu menghasilkan laba selama periode penelitian meskipun mengalami fluktuasi. GPM berada pada kisaran 73,71%–77,68%, NPM sebesar 59,94%–63,51%, sedangkan ROA meningkat dari 19,44% menjadi 21,83%. ROE mencapai nilai tertinggi sebesar 23,12% pada Triwulan II dan menjadi 21,83% pada Triwulan IV. Dari sisi likuiditas, Current Ratio meningkat dari 114,27% menjadi 528,87%, sedangkan Quick Ratio dan Cash Ratio meningkat dari 113,85% menjadi 527,50% hingga Triwulan III. Pada Triwulan IV, rasio likuiditas tidak dapat dihitung karena kewajiban lancar telah menjadi Rp0. Secara keseluruhan, hasil analisis profitabilitas dan likuiditas menunjukkan bahwa kondisi keuangan Utara Coffee and Chill mendukung keberlangsungan usaha dari aspek keuangan, yang ditunjukkan oleh kemampuan menghasilkan laba, peningkatan laba bersih dan ROA, bertambahnya aset lancar dan kas, serta menurunnya kewajiban lancar hingga Rp0.

Kata Kunci: Rasio Profitabilitas, Rasio Likuiditas, Keberlangsungan Usaha, UMKM, Kinerja Keuangan.