PENGARUH ADOPSI FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN UMKM DENGAN INKLUSI KEUANGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54314/jssr.v9i5.7296Keywords:
Adopsi FinTech; Inklusi Keuangan; Kinerja Keuangan; UMKM; SEM-PLS., adopsi fintech, inklusi keuangan, kinerja keuangan, UMKM, SEM-PLSAbstract
Abstract: This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of financial technology (fintech) adoption on the financial performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), as well as to investigate the mediating role of financial inclusion. The digital economy requires MSMEs to transform their payment and financing systems to achieve operational efficiency and profit growth. A quantitative approach with survey questionnaires was employed. The sample consisted of 150 MSME entrepreneurs in the retail and culinary sectors, selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was executed using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS 4. The empirical findings reveal that: (1) Fintech adoption has a positive and significant effect on financial inclusion (β = 0.736, p < 0.001); (2) Fintech adoption has a positive and significant effect on MSME financial performance (β = 0.384, p < 0.001); (3) Financial inclusion has a positive and significant effect on financial performance (β = 0.492, p < 0.001); and (4) Financial inclusion significantly serves as a complementary partial mediator in the relationship between fintech adoption and MSME financial performance (indirect β = 0.362, p < 0.001; VAF = 48.5%). These results imply that digital financial integration broadens capital and transaction accessibility, which directly elevates financial efficiency and business sustainability.
Keywords: Fintech Adoption; Financial Inclusion; Financial Performance; MSMEs; SEM-PLS.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh adopsi financial technology (fintech) terhadap kinerja keuangan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM), serta menganalisis peran inklusi keuangan sebagai variabel mediasi. Perkembangan era ekonomi digital menuntut UMKM untuk bertransformasi dalam sistem transaksi dan pembiayaan guna meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan pertumbuhan laba. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei kuesioner. Populasi penelitian adalah pelaku UMKM sektor perdagangan dan kuliner, dengan sampel sebanyak 150 responden yang ditentukan melalui teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Modeling berbasis Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) menggunakan software SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Adopsi fintech berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap inklusi keuangan (β = 0.736; p < 0.001); (2) Adopsi fintech berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM (β = 0.384; p < 0.001); (3) Inklusi keuangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM (β = 0.492; p < 0.001); dan (4) Inklusi keuangan terbukti secara signifikan memediasi secara parsial (complementary partial mediation) pengaruh adopsi fintech terhadap kinerja keuangan UMKM (β = 0.362; p < 0.001; VAF = 48.5%). Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa integrasi layanan keuangan digital memperluas jangkauan akses modal dan transaksi, yang pada gilirannya mendorong percepatan pertumbuhan finansial dan keberlanjutan UMKM.
Kata Kunci: Adopsi FinTech; Inklusi Keuangan; Kinerja Keuangan; UMKM; SEM-PLS.
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