DETERMINAN KERENTANAN EKONOMI RUMAH TANGGA PASCABENCANA BANJIR BANDANG DI SUMATERA UTARA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54314/jssr.v9i4.6999Keywords:
pendapatan, kepemilikan aset, pengeluaran konsumsi, akses bantuan, kerentanan ekonomiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan, kepemilikan aset, pengeluaran konsumsi, dan akses terhadap bantuan terhadap kerentanan ekonomi rumah tangga pascabencana banjir bandang di Provinsi Sumatera Utara pada November 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatori dengan melibatkan 200 rumah tangga terdampak yang dipilih melalui teknik multistage random sampling pada enam kabupaten/kota yang mengalami dampak paling parah. Kerentanan ekonomi rumah tangga diukur menggunakan indeks komposit, sedangkan hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda setelah memenuhi uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan, kepemilikan aset, pengeluaran konsumsi, dan akses terhadap bantuan berpengaruh signifikan secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap kerentanan ekonomi rumah tangga (F = 24,671; p < 0,001) dengan kemampuan menjelaskan variasi sebesar 32,2%. Pendapatan merupakan faktor yang paling dominan (β = -0,352), diikuti kepemilikan aset (β = -0,303), pengeluaran konsumsi (β = 0,216), dan akses terhadap bantuan (β = 0,141). Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan pendapatan dan perlindungan aset produktif harus menjadi prioritas utama dalam kebijakan pemulihan pascabencana, disertai penyaluran bantuan yang lebih tepat sasaran untuk mengurangi kerentanan ekonomi.
Downloads
References
Adger, W. N. (2006). Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16(3), 268–281.
Alwang, J., Siegel, P. B., & Jorgensen, S. L. (2001). Vulnerability: A View from Different Disciplines. Social Protection Discussion Paper No. 0115. World Bank.
Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). (2020). Pedoman Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Pascabencana. BNPB.
Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). (2025). Data dan Informasi Bencana Banjir Bandang Sumatera Utara November 2025. BNPB.
Barrett, C. B., & Constas, M. A. (2014).
Toward a theory of resilience for international development applications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(40), 14625–14630.
Below, R., Wirtz, A., & Guha-Sapir, D. (2009). Disaster Category Classification and Peril Terminology for Operational Purposes. CRED Working Paper 264. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters.
Birkmann, J. (2006). Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards: Towards Disaster Resilient Societies. United Nations University Press.
Carter, M. R., & Barrett, C. B. (2006). The economics of poverty traps and persistent poverty: An asset-based approach. Journal of Development Studies, 42(2), 178–199.
Chambers, R. (1989). Vulnerability, coping and policy. IDS Bulletin, 20(2), 1–7.
Cutter, S. L., Boruff, B. J., & Shirley, W. L. (2003). Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Social Science Quarterly, 84(2), 242–261.
Dercon, S. (2004). Growth and shocks: Evidence from rural Ethiopia. Journal of Development Economics, 74(2), 309–329.
Ferreira, F. H. G., & Schady, N. (2009). Aggregate economic shocks, child schooling, and child health. World Bank Research Observer, 24(2), 147–181.
Field, A. (2018). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate Dengan Program IBM SPSS 26. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Hallegatte, S., Vogt-Schilb, A.,
Bangalore, M., & Rozenberg, J. (2017). Unbreakable: Building the Resilience of the Poor in the Face of Natural Disasters. World Bank.
Hapsoro, A. W., & Buchori, I. (2015). Kajian kerentanan sosial dan ekonomi terhadap bencana banjir. Jurnal Teknik PWK, 4(4), 542–553.
Heltberg, R., Siegel, P. B., & Jorgensen, S. L. (2009). Addressing human vulnerability to climate change: Toward a “no-regrets” approach. Global Environmental Change, 19(1), 89–99.
Hoddinott, J., & Quisumbing, A. (2003). Methods for Microeconometric Risk and Vulnerability Assessments. Social Protection Discussion Paper Series No. 0324. World Bank.
HS, I. Z., & Harahap, H. (2015). Dampak banjir terhadap kondisi ekonomi dan kesehatan keluarga: Studi kasus di Kelurahan Sri Meranti dan Meranti Pandak Pekanbaru. Jurnal Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Provinsi Riau, 49–57.
Ilham, A. (2023). The effect of natural disaster on regional economic growth, unemployment, poverty, and human development index in thirty Indonesian provinces. Journal of Indonesian Applied Economics,11,40
Morduch, J. (1994). Poverty and vulnerability. American Economic Review, 84(2), 221–225.
Moser, C. O. N. (1998). The asset vulnerability framework: Reassessing urban poverty reduction strategies. World Development, 26(1), 1–19.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Pelling, M. (2003). The Vulnerability of Cities: Natural Disasters and Social Resilience. Earthscan.
Sen, A. (1981). Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. Oxford University Press.
Siagian, T. H., Purhadi, P., Suhartono, S., & Ritonga, H. (2014). Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Indonesia: Driving factors and policy implications. Natural Hazards, 70(2), 1603–1617.
Skoufias, E. (2003). Economic crises and natural disasters: Coping strategies and policy implications. World Development, 31(7), 1087–1102.
Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using Multivariate Statistics (7th ed.). Pearson.
Twigg, J. (2004). Disaster Risk Reduction: Mitigation and Preparedness in Development and Emergency Programming. Overseas Development Institute.
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (2019). Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction. UNDRR.
UN-Habitat. (2020). World Cities Report 2020: The Value of Sustainable Urbanization. United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
Wisner, B., Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., & Davis, I. (2004). At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability and Disasters (2nd ed.). Routledge.
World Bank. (2021). Poverty and Shared Prosperity 2020: Reversals of Fortune. World Bank.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Evi Syuriani Harahap, Richna Handriyani, Loranty Folia Simanjuntak, Silvia Annur Hasibuan, Rini Khairani Harahap, Anugrah Sianturi, Rena Sinaga, Sukma Aulia (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
