KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN BAWAH PADA KAWASAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DAN PERKEBUNAN JERUK (Citrus spp) DI DESA SARI TANI KABUPATEN BOALEMO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54314/jssr.v9i3.6620Keywords:
Understory plant diversity, coconut plantation, citrus plantation, Shannon-WienerAbstract
Abstract: Understory plant diversity is an important indicator in maintaining ecosystem stability in plantation areas. Differences in environmental conditions between coconut and citrus plantations are assumed to influence the composition and diversity level of understory plants. This study aimed to determine the species composition and diversity level of understory plants in coconut (Cocos nucifera) and citrus (Citrus spp.) plantations in Sari Tani Village, Boalemo Regency. The study used a quantitative descriptive method with a field survey approach. Data collection was conducted using an exploratory method at two observation stations and analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’). The results showed that the coconut plantation contained 494 individuals consisting of 15 species, 8 families, and 7 orders, while the citrus plantation contained 165 individuals consisting of 8 species, 7 families, and 5 orders. The dominant species at both locations was Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index value in the coconut plantation was 2.609, while in the citrus plantation it was 1.754. These values indicate that both locations have a moderate level of diversity with relatively stable ecosystem conditions. Differences in composition and diversity values were influenced by microclimatic conditions and environmental characteristics in each plantation area.
Keywords: Understory plant diversity, coconut plantation, citrus plantation, Shannon-Wiener
Abstrak: Keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah merupakan salah satu indikator penting dalam menjaga stabilitas ekosistem pada kawasan perkebunan. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan antara perkebunan kelapa dan jeruk diduga memengaruhi komposisi serta tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis dan tingkat keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah pada perkebunan kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan jeruk (Citrus spp.) di Desa Sari Tani, Kabupaten Boalemo. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode eksplorasi pada dua stasiun pengamatan dan dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada perkebunan kelapa ditemukan 494 individu yang terdiri atas 15 spesies, 8 famili, dan 7 ordo, sedangkan pada perkebunan jeruk ditemukan 165 individu yang terdiri atas 8 spesies, 7 famili, dan 5 ordo. Spesies yang mendominasi pada kedua lokasi adalah Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener pada perkebunan kelapa sebesar 2,609, sedangkan pada perkebunan jeruk sebesar 1,754. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kedua lokasi memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman sedang dengan kondisi ekosistem yang relatif stabil. Perbedaan komposisi dan nilai keanekaragaman dipengaruhi oleh kondisi mikroklimat serta karakteristik lingkungan yang berbeda pada masing-masing kawasan perkebunan.
Kata kunci: Keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah, perkebunan kelapa, perkebunan jeruk, indeks Shannon-Wiener.
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